Water has become a strategic resource for Panama’s socio-economic development, with the Panama Canal as the flagship of its water-driven economy. However, given the potential effects that water-related challenges may have on Panama’s economy and society, as well as on global trade, it is crucial that the country’s water resources are managed adequately and sustainably. The Panama Water Sector Study 2022, commissioned by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Panama and conducted by the Netherlands Water Partnership (NWP), informs Dutch water actors interested or operating in Panama about the water-related challenges and opportunities in this country.